The cause of anemia is an iron deficiency. Iron is an essential mineral needed for the creation of red blood cells. Over half the women who become pregnant will become anemic. The recommended daily amount of iron about 18 milligrams (mg). When a woman becomes pregnant, the recommended amount raises to 27 mg per day. This amount can be attained with diet and prenatal supplement with iron. In severe and untreated anemia it can put the baby at risk for being born pre-term and at a low birth weight. For the pregnant woman, anemia can make her feel more tired and fatigued than she normally would during her pregnancy. 

Anemia can be prevented with a healthy diet and supplements as needed. There will probably be an anemia test at the first prenatal visit and also again somewhere around the 24^th and 28^th weeks. If a woman is found to be anemic her health care provider will suggest a change in diet and possibly an iron supplement. 

Eating the following foods that are high in iron can reduce the risk of anemia:

• Dark poultry meat
• Apricots, prunes, figs, raisins, dates and other dried fruits
• Cereals, breads and pastas that are iron-fortified
• Oatmeal
• Whole grains
• Blackstrap molasses
• Seafood
• Dark green leafy vegetables
• Baked potato with skin
• Red meats
• Beans and peas
• Nuts and seeds

Vitamin C can increase the amount of iron your body absorbs. To be assured you body can use the iron that you are including in your diet, be sure your vitamin C intake is sufficient. The following foods are high in vitamin C:

• Orange juice
• Tomatoes
• Strawberries
• Grapefruit

There are some foods that interfere with the absorption of iron. When anemic, these foods should be avoided:

• Soy protein
• Tea
• Egg yolks
• Milk
• Fiber
• Coffee

Some iron supplements may cause heartburn, constipation, or nausea. This can be avoided by taking the supplement with food. Begin with small doses and work your way up to the recommended dosage. Take iron pills in the morning. Increase fiber and fluids when taking an iron supplement. 

Anemia is a common problem in pregnancy and fairly easy to manage with proper diet and supplements.